appraisal
active
APPRAISAL-TYPE
appraisal
attitude
active
ATTITUDE encompasses different options for expressing positive or
negative evaluation
engagement
active
ENGAGEMENT addresses options for expanding and contracting space
for other voices
graduation
active
adjustments of other meanings
- scaling the FORCE of a meaning (e.g. intensifying or quantifying)
- grading the FOCUS, (the boundedness) of the meaning
(e.g. as degree of specificity or completion).
ATTITUDE-TYPE
attitude
affect
active
Evaluates an entity, process or state emotionally:
E.g., that makes me happy.
E.g., This building bores me.
But note: A BORING building is APPRECIATION:REACTION
E.g. Adverbs: happily, sadly
Adjectives: I am happy that
Nominalised emotions: his fear...
judgement
active
Evaluates human behaviour ethically (morally or legally)
language which criticises or praises, which condemns or applauds
the behaviour – the actions, deeds, sayings, beliefs, motivations etc
- of human individuals and groups.
appreciation
active
Evaluates things, processes and states of affairs aesthetically or wrt the social value accorded to the object.
Human participants may be 'appreciated' where the assessment does
not directly focus on the correctness or incorrectness of behaviour, but rather the appearance of the person
AFFECT-TYPE
affect
authorial-evaluation
active
The author is the one ascribing affect
E.g., Sadly, ...
non-authorial-evaluation
active
A participant is the one evaluating the affect
E.g.He likes Mary.
AFFECT-TYPE2
affect
un/happiness
active
evaluates as two different types of happiness/unhappiness, i.e. negative and positive happiness. the first relates to the dimension misery(-ve) - cheer(+ve), the second relates to a dimension antipathy(-ve) - affection(+ve).
dis/satisfaction
active
evaluates via two sub-types of dis/satisfation, i.e. negative - positive satisfaction: the first is along the dimension ennui(-ve) - interest(+ve), the second displeasure - pleasure.
in/security
active
evaluates along two dimensions of -ve and +ve security: dis/quiet and dis/trust
dis/inclination
active
assessments as to the desirability attached to any object, person or undertaking. e.g. keen, long for, wish to, versus wary, disinclined, unwanted
UN/HAPPINESS-TYPE
un/happiness
misery/cheer
active
misery: e.g. down, sad, miserable (as behaviour: whimper, cry,wail) etc
cheer: e.g. cheerful, buoyant, jubilant (as behaviour: chuckle, laugh, rejoice) etc
antipathy/affection
active
antipathy: e.g. dislike, hate, abhor (as behaviour: rubbish, abuse, revile) etc
affection: e.g. fond, loving, adoring (as behaviour: shake hands, embrace, hug) etc
DIS/SATISFACTION-TYPE
dis/satisfaction
ennui/interest
active
ennui: e.g. flat, stale, jaded (as behaviour: fidget, yawn, tune out)
interest: e.g. involved, absorbed, engrossed (as behaviour: attentive, fixated, eyes glued)
dis/pleasure
active
displeasure: e.g.cross, angry, furious (caution, scold, castigate)
pleasure: e.g. satisfied, pleased, chuffed (pat on the back, compliment, reward), etc
IN/SECURITY-TYPE
in/security
dis/quiet
active
disquiet: e.g. uneasy, anxious, freaked out (restless, sweating, shaking)
quiet: e.g. together, confident, assured, laid back, etc
dis/trust
active
distrust: e.g. taken aback, astonished, suspicious
trust: e.g. comfortable (with), assured, confident (in) (delegate, commit, entrust), etc
JUDGEMENT-TYPE
judgement
normality
active
assessments of how special or unusual is the behaviour or the person's state. e.g. natural, familiar, fashionable, celebrated, versus artificial, poseur, eccentric, peculiar, odd, etc
capacity
active
assessments of competence and ability, e.g. skilled, genius, knowledgeable, brilliant, versus stupid, dull, ignorant, clumsy, etc
tenacity
active
assessments of psychological disposition wrt determination and resolve. e.g. plucky, brave, resolute, reliable, loyal, hard-working, versus cowardly, reckless, hasty, impatient, etc
propriety
active
assessments of ethical or moral standing, 'how far beyond reproach' si the behaviour or person's state. e.g. good, fair, just, generous, charitable, kind, versus immoral, corrupt, arrogant, greedy, etc
veracity
active
assessments regarding the person's truthfulness or honesty, dependent on social contextual values. e.g. credible, candid, direct, sincere, versus deceitful, a liar, manipulative, devious, etc
unclear
active
assessments of behaviour and persona where none of the sub-types of judgement may apply. these cases are different than those which need to be double-coded under conditions of ambiguity.
APPRECIATION-TYPE
appreciation
reaction
active
Values which make reference to, or are derived from, values of AFFECT
but where the emotional reaction (depress, bore etc) has been detached
from any human experiencer of the emotion and been attached to the
evaluated entity as if it were some property which the entity objectively
and intrinsically possesses
E.g. A DEPRESSING sight met our eyes.
E.g. It’s an extremely BORING building
composition
active
how well the parts of the entity fit together.
POSITIVE: harmonious, well-formed, balanced, unified, intricate
NEGATIVE: ill-formed, convoluted, confused, unbalanced, discordant,
contorted.
social-valuation
active
Whether somethng is 'socially' valued for its usefulness, worthiness, efficaciousness, health-giving properties: its contribution to the community, or its value to the consumer: related to judgement: propriety
REACTION-TYPE
reaction
impact
active
how does it strike me? what initial reaction does it make? the perceptual aspects or aesthetics of the item
quality
active
do i like it? how do i react emotionally towards it, what are my affectual responses
COMPOSITION-TYPE
composition
balance
active
did it hang together? was it harmonious, organised, well-proportioned, logical, or unbalanced, lop-sided, irregular, flawed, discordant, shapeless?
complexity
active
was it hard or easy to follow? was it simple, pure, elegant, clear, precise, lucid, coherent, or was it extravagent, byzantine, woolly, arcane, simplistic, etc?
EXPLICITNESS
attitude
inscribed
active
The text contains a word or phrase which explicitly
evaluates the behaviour.
E.g. immoral, virtuous, just, sinful, lascivious,
invoked
active
The judgement is not explicit in a word or phrase, but
rather implied by information given.
E.g. Bush delivered his inaugural speech as the United States President
who collected 537,000 fewer votes than his opponent.
ATTITUDE-POLARITY
attitude
positive-attitude
active
negative-attitude
active
ambiguous
active
'ambiguous' or unclear valency can be a feature of texts where an attitude is clearly present, but it is not clear whether it is negative or positive - such as in cases where this serves some rhetorical purpose, or where a reader may not be able to decide one way or the other, even after taking into account co-textual and cultural cues.
ENGAGEMENT-TYPE
engagement
mono-glossic
active
hetero-glossic
active
HETERO-GLOSSIC-TYPE
hetero-glossic
contract
active
expand
active
CONTRACT-TYPE
contract
disclaim
active
proclaim
active
DISCLAIM-TYPE
disclaim
deny
active
no, didn't, never, not, etc | disclaim: deny is a lexicogrammatical feature denying the scoped or framed entity or process, but its discourse semantic effects are multiple and depend on other co-textual signals
counter
active
counter covers all instances where contrast occurs for discourse semnatic reasons. it is usually signalled by lexical items such as yet, although, but, amazingly, etc, but it can be present through straight comparison-contrast such as via parallelism
PROCLAIM-TYPE
proclaim
concur
active
pronounce
active
I contend, the facts of the matter are, indeed, etc
endorse
active
the X demonstrates, shows, proves, ....
justify
active
a proposition is justified when reasons are given. signal words are because, since, the reason for, etc, and flags the proposition as contentious and requiring justification
CONCUR-TYPE
concur
affirm
active
naturally, of course, obviously, etc
concede
active
admittedly, sure..., however, etc
EXPAND-TYPE
expand
entertain
active
perhaps, it's probably that, it seems, may, must, apparently, expository questions....
attribute
active
ATTRIBUTE-GATE
attribute
acknowledge
active
halliday argues that, most people acknowledge that, etc
distance
active
chomsky claimed to have shown that...
GRADUATION-TYPE
graduation
force
active
Stronger or weaker attitude
focus
active
Exact or vague attitude
Sharpening or softening of boundaries of:
- entities (realising graded valeur), and
- processes (realising graded fulfilment).
Enable the blurring of categorical meanings
(of entities or processes), representing them
as open, fluidor incomplete.
FORCE-TYPE
force
intensification
active
Intensifies an attitude (SUCH A fool, EXTREMELY attractive)
quantification
active
Quantifies the attitude
- Number: heaps of troubles;
- Amount: so much distress;
- Extent: long-lasting hostility
INTENSIFICATION-TYPE
intensification
degree
active
vigour
active
QUANTIFICATION-TYPE
quantification
number
active
mass
active
extent
active
EXTENT-GATE
extent
proximity
active
distribution
active
PROXIMITY-TYPE
proximity
time
active
space
active
DISTRIBUTION-TYPE
distribution
distrib-time
active
distrib-space
active
SCALE
force
upscale
active
downscale
active
LEXICAL-FUSION
force
isolating
active
infusing
active
FOCUS-TYPE
focus
soften
active
E.g. it was sort of nice
sharpen
active
E.g. it was exactly what I wanted